In Oregon (a so called "green" state - haha!) they don't do emissions testing or any vehicle testing at all but sure as hell pull you over for a light out. Once I got pulled over for one of two rear plate lamps out. You could still read the plate fine. It is also not a specific legal requirement to have working backup lights, however you can still get ticketed for having insufficient lighting on a highway if you happen to back out onto the road without backup lights. It is legally required to have a working horn.

Once my wife got pulled over in a beater Subaru because the driver side headlamp lens had a big hole on the side of it. It wasn't at night either but the cop was sure that headlamp was dead and didn't believe her when she said it worked just fine until she turned them on and sure enough worked just fine. He shrugged and said well I'll be, laughed and said have a good day ma'am.